James John Joicey
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James John Joicey
FES Fez or Fes (; ar, فاس, fās; zgh, ⴼⵉⵣⴰⵣ, fizaz; french: Fès) is a city in northern inland Morocco and the capital of the Fès-Meknès administrative region. It is the second largest city in Morocco, with a population of 1.11 mi ...
(28 December 1870 – 10 March 1932) was an English amateur
entomologist Entomology () is the scientific study of insects, a branch of zoology. In the past the term "insect" was less specific, and historically the definition of entomology would also include the study of animals in other arthropod groups, such as arach ...
, who assembled an extensive collection of
Lepidoptera Lepidoptera ( ) is an order (biology), order of insects that includes butterfly, butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans). About 180,000 species of the Lepidoptera are described, in 126 Family (biology), families and 46 Taxonomic r ...
in his private research museum, called the Hill Museum, in
Witley Witley is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Waverley in Surrey, England centred south west of the town of Godalming and southwest of Guildford. The land is a mixture of rural (ranging from woodland protected by the Surrey Hills AO ...
, Surrey. His collection, 40 years in the making, was considered to have been the second largest in the world held privately and to have numbered over 1.5 million specimens. Joicey was a
fellow A fellow is a concept whose exact meaning depends on context. In learned or professional societies, it refers to a privileged member who is specially elected in recognition of their work and achievements. Within the context of higher education ...
of the
Zoological Society of London The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a charity devoted to the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats. It was founded in 1826. Since 1828, it has maintained the London Zoo, and since 1931 Whipsnade Park. History On 29 ...
, the
Royal Geographical Society The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers), often shortened to RGS, is a learned society and professional body for geography based in the United Kingdom. Founded in 1830 for the advancement of geographical scien ...
, the
Royal Entomological Society The Royal Entomological Society is devoted to the study of insects. Its aims are to disseminate information about insects and improving communication between entomologists. The society was founded in 1833 as the Entomological Society of London ...
, the
Royal Horticultural Society The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), founded in 1804 as the Horticultural Society of London, is the UK's leading gardening charity. The RHS promotes horticulture through its five gardens at Wisley (Surrey), Hyde Hall (Essex), Harlow Carr (Nort ...
, and the
Linnean Society of London The Linnean Society of London is a learned society dedicated to the study and dissemination of information concerning natural history, evolution, and taxonomy. It possesses several important biological specimen, manuscript and literature colle ...
. Joicey employed specialist entomologists including George Talbot to curate his collection and financed numerous expeditions throughout the world to obtain previously unknown varieties. More than 190 scientific articles were produced during the active period of the Hill Museum. This body of research was described as "a contribution to the study of the exotic Lepidoptera of very great scientific value". Joicey's donations from his collection, made during his life and continuing after his death, contributed significantly to the Lepidoptera collection of the
Natural History Museum A natural history museum or museum of natural history is a scientific institution with natural history collections that include current and historical records of animals, plants, fungi, ecosystems, geology, paleontology, climatology, and more. ...
in London. Joicey's obituary in '' The Entomologist'' described him as "undoubtedly the most lavish patron of Entomology, in so far as butterflies and moths are concerned, that this country has ever boasted".


Life


Background

James John Joicey was born on 28 December 1870 in
Newcastle upon Tyne Newcastle upon Tyne ( RP: , ), or simply Newcastle, is a city and metropolitan borough in Tyne and Wear, England. The city is located on the River Tyne's northern bank and forms the largest part of the Tyneside built-up area. Newcastle is ...
, the only child of Major William James Joicey, a wealthy coal owner, and Mary Anne Joicey née Clark. He was educated at
Aysgarth School , established = 1877 , type = Preparatory independent day and boarding school , trust = , religious_affiliation = Church of England , president = , head_label = , head = Rob Morse , r_head_label ...
, Yorkshire, and
Hertford College Hertford College ( ), previously known as Magdalen Hall, is a constituent college of the University of Oxford in England. It is located on Catte Street in the centre of Oxford, directly opposite the main gate to the Bodleian Library. The colle ...
, Oxford, and was an Associate Member of the Institute of Mining Engineers from 1891. He was also a member of the
Junior Carlton Club The Junior Carlton Club was a London gentlemen's club, now dissolved, which was established in 1864 and was disbanded in 1977. History Anticipating the forthcoming Second Reform Act under Benjamin Disraeli, numerous prospective electors decide ...
. Joicey married Maud Muriel Fisher (later Baroness de Satgé) in London in 1896. He lived at The Hill in
Witley Witley is a village and civil parish in the Borough of Waverley in Surrey, England centred south west of the town of Godalming and southwest of Guildford. The land is a mixture of rural (ranging from woodland protected by the Surrey Hills AO ...
, Surrey, from about 1912.


Collecting

Joicey's boyhood interest in insects was encouraged by his parents, and at the age of sixteen he put together a small collection of British and foreign
butterflies Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The ...
. As an adult, he rediscovered his boyhood collection and was inspired to start collecting in earnest, his active interest dating from 1906. He used his resources to "indulge a taste for collecting butterflies and
moth Moths are a paraphyletic group of insects that includes all members of the order Lepidoptera that are not butterflies, with moths making up the vast majority of the order. There are thought to be approximately 160,000 species of moth, many of w ...
s which remained with him throughout his life". He travelled "in the East" as a young man and, although he employed experts to collect most of his specimens, also collected "on his own account both here and abroad", including "Europe, India, China, Japan, Burma and America". In 1913, he built and financed a private research museum, the Hill Museum, at his home in Witley, employing a
curator A curator (from la, cura, meaning "to take care") is a manager or overseer. When working with cultural organizations, a curator is typically a "collections curator" or an "exhibitions curator", and has multifaceted tasks dependent on the parti ...
and seven assistants. In one twelve-month period he collected some 17,000 specimens from across the world and was spending up to £10,000 (approximately ) a year on the collection. Joicey said,
How did I manage to spend £10,000 a year on this collection? Well, these did not come from my back garden. I have had to send collectors to the far ends of the earth. ... When my work is done – that is, when I die – I will present the collection to the nation.The work has been the ruling passion of my life, ... I don't think I am extravagant, as my researches and investigations will be of great value to the nation.
Joicey became a fellow of the Zoological Society of London in 1890, a fellow of the Royal Geographical Society in 1903, a fellow of the Entomological Society in 1908 (council member 1920–1923), a fellow of the Royal Horticultural Society in 1912, a fellow of the Linnean Society of London in 1913, a life member of the
Société entomologique de France The Société entomologique de France, or French Entomological Society, is devoted to the study of insects. The society was founded in 1832 in Paris, France. The society was created by eighteen Parisian entomologists on January 31, 1832. The first ...
in 1921, and a member of the
London Natural History Society The London Natural History Society (or LNHS as it is commonly known) is a local natural history society within the UK concerned with recording the wildlife of London, covering a circular area covering a 20-mile radius from St. Paul's Cathedral. T ...
in 1928. Joicey was also an amateur orchidist, and exhibited at meetings of the Royal Horticultural Society.


Finances

Joicey could afford to build his collection of Lepidoptera through his family connection with the firm of "Messrs. James Joicey & Co., Ltd, coalowners, Newcastle", founded by his grandfather. Although described as having been "nominally on the
Stock Exchange A stock exchange, securities exchange, or bourse is an exchange where stockbrokers and traders can buy and sell securities, such as shares of stock, bonds and other financial instruments. Stock exchanges may also provide facilities for th ...
from 1896 to 1899", then, in 1901, as a "coal owner & ship owner", and, in 1913, as a director of the family coal mining firm, Joicey effectively had no occupation and throughout his life relied on allowances from his parents. His income proved insufficient for his "extravagance in living" and the interest rates charged by money-lenders. Joicey became
bankrupt Bankruptcy is a legal process through which people or other entities who cannot repay debts to creditors may seek relief from some or all of their debts. In most jurisdictions, bankruptcy is imposed by a court order, often initiated by the debt ...
in 1909 with a deficiency of over £185,000 (approximately ), and again in 1922 with a deficiency of over £430,000 (approximately ) despite his mother having given him £300,000 (approximately ) in the interim. The latter bankruptcy was discharged in October 1931. Joicey's father, at one time a millionaire, had left over £700,000 (approximately ) in his estate in 1912, but his will ensured that no money went directly to his son. The Witley house and estate were bought for Joicey after his first bankruptcy. When sued by
creditor A creditor or lender is a party (e.g., person, organization, company, or government) that has a claim on the services of a second party. It is a person or institution to whom money is owed. The first party, in general, has provided some property ...
s in 1919, the judge said, "He seems hardly to have grown up. He seems to have infantile tastes which his mother helps him gratify." When
counsel A counsel or a counsellor at law is a person who gives advice and deals with various issues, particularly in legal matters. It is a title often used interchangeably with the title of ''lawyer''. The word ''counsel'' can also mean advice given ...
stated that Joicey was "susceptible to the wiles of the money-lenders", the judge responded, "And to the wiles of the butterflies." During the 1922 bankruptcy hearing, Joicey said, "I think the money seems to have gone like snow in an oven."


Death

Joicey's mother died in 1930, leaving an estate valued at over £300,000 (approximately ). Towards the end of his life, Joicey became an invalid. He died of heart failure on 10 March 1932 at his home, The Hill, in Witley, Surrey, aged 61, and was buried at Holy Trinity Church,
Sunningdale Sunningdale is a large village with a retail area and a civil parish in the Royal Borough of Windsor and Maidenhead. It takes up the extreme south-east corner of Berkshire, England. It has a railway station on the (London) Waterloo to Reading ...
. Joicey's estate was valued at £1,151 (approximately ), his collection and museum having been principally paid for and owned by his mother.


Collections

As an adult, Joicey began collecting Lepidoptera in 1906 and by 1908 was advertising as far away as Australia for:
Fresh-caught Specimens of Butterflies and Large Moths, in papers. Send Samples and state price per hundred.
He acquired the
Henley Grose-Smith Henley Grose-Smith (1833–1911) was an English entomologist who specialised in Lepidoptera. Grose-Smith described many new taxa of butterflies from his own collections and those of Walter Rothschild. His collections were sold to James John Joice ...
collection in 1910. Two years later he bought the
Herbert Druce Herbert Druce, FLS (14 July 1846, in London – 11 April 1913, in London) was an English entomologist. His collections were acquired by Frederick DuCane Godman (1834–1919), Osbert Salvin (1835–1898), and James John Joicey (1870–1932) b ...
collection. To house his growing collection, he founded the Hill Museum at his Witley home in 1913. Joicey employed curators, including Alfred Noakes (from 1906) and George Talbot (from 1915), with a staff of assistants. Between 1913 and 1921 Joicey bought further collections: those of
Ernst Suffert Ernst Suffert ( fl. 1900) was a German entomologist who specialised in studies of Lepidoptera. Ernst Suffert described many new species of African butterflies and moths, including '' Papilio chrapkowskii'', '' Papilio filaprae'', '' Mylothris ...
, , Fritz Ludwig Otto Wichgraf, 1913, Col. Charles Swinhoe, 1916,
Roland Trimen Roland Trimen Fellow of the Royal Society, FRS (29 October 1840 in London – 25 July 1916 in London) was a British-South African Natural history, naturalist, best known for ''South African Butterflies'' (1887–89), a collaborative work wi ...
, 1917, Lt.-Col. C. G. Nurse, 1919, Hamilton Druce, 1919, Heinrich Riffarth, 1919,
Henry John Elwes Henry John Elwes, FRS (16 May 1846 – 26 November 1922) was a British botanist, entomologist, author, lepidopterist, collector and traveller who became renowned for collecting specimens of lilies during trips to the Himalaya and Korea. He w ...
, 1920, and
Paul Dognin Paul Dognin (10 May 1847 – 10 August 1931) was a French entomologist who specialised in the Lepidoptera of South America. Dognin named 101 new genera of moths.Pratt family The Pratt family is made up of the descendants of the Mormon pioneer brothers, Parley Parker Pratt and his brother Orson Pratt, whose father was Jared Pratt (1769–1839). It has many members in Utah, and other parts of the U.S. There are man ...
to South America and New Guinea, and T. A. Barns to Central Africa (Barns dedicated his 1922 book on the Eastern Congo to Joicey, his "friend and patron"). W. J. C. Frost, who visited the Islands of Tenimber, Am, Key,
Misol Misool, formerly spelled Mysol (Dutch: Misoöl) or Misol, is one of the four major islands in the Raja Ampat Islands in Southwest Papua, Indonesia. Its area is 2,034 km2. The highest point is 561 m and the main towns are Waigama, located ...
, Obi and Sula during 1915–1918, donated his collection. Another collector, C. Talbot Bowring, sent many thousands of specimens from Hainan Island between 1918 and 1920. In 1916, when granting Joicey's curator conditional exemption from military service, General Sir J. Wodehouse described the collection as "probably the finest of its kind in England", and Oxford professor E. B. Poulton wrote that "to leave the collection without a competent head would be a national disaster". In 1919, the collection was valued at £50,000 (approximately ). It consisted of 1.5 million specimens held in a room containing chests of drawers with "5000 compartments neatly arranged round the room, and in addition 4000 cases, all carefully labelled". It was reported that,
Here were butterflies of all sizes, of all colours – all arranged in an effective colour grouping. In one compartment were ... great winged beauties half a foot from wing tip to wing tip. In another were creatures so small that it needed a microscope to discern their beauty.
An annexe to the museum "over eighty feet long by twenty feet wide" (approximately 24 by 6 m) was built in 1920. In 1927 it was reported that the main building of the Museum was "as large as a dance hall. The specimens are kept in special cabinets stacked almost to the roof. Here, all day long, Mr. Joicey and his assistants ... work at arranging and naming the fresh arrivals." Some specimens dated from the 1830s, and others were from the
Stanley Stanley may refer to: Arts and entertainment Film and television * ''Stanley'' (1972 film), an American horror film * ''Stanley'' (1984 film), an Australian comedy * ''Stanley'' (1999 film), an animated short * ''Stanley'' (1956 TV series) ...
expedition of 1871. Some were caught 1,000 miles (1,600 km) from land, others on the Alpine snowfields. They ranged in size from 1/2 inch to 10 inches (approximately 1 cm to 25 cm) wing spread. By 1930 the Hill Museum contained over 380,000 specimens. Joicey and his Hill Museum colleagues published more than 190 scientific articles on world Lepidoptera and "produced some excellent work, especially on the Lepidoptera of New Guinea,
Hainan Hainan (, ; ) is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , the largest and most populous island in China,The island of Taiwan, which is slightly l ...
Island, and Central and
Eastern Africa East Africa, Eastern Africa, or East of Africa, is the eastern subregion of the African continent. In the United Nations Statistics Division scheme of geographic regions, 10-11-(16*) territories make up Eastern Africa: Due to the historica ...
". These include the four volumes of ''The Bulletin of the Hill Museum'', 1921–1932, edited by Joicey and Talbot, and ''A Catalogue of the Type Specimens of Lepidoptera Rhopalocera in the Hill Museum,'' 1932, by Alfred George Gabriel. During his lifetime, Joicey "presented to the Nation" between 200,000 and 300,000 Lepidoptera specimens including about 75,000 to the Natural History Museum. The latter figure included 15,500 moths and a number of butterflies (1923), his whole collection of over 30,000
Hesperiidae Skippers are a family of the Lepidoptera (moths and butterflies) named the Hesperiidae. Being diurnal, they are generally called butterflies. They were previously placed in a separate superfamily, Hesperioidea; however, the most recent taxonomy ...
butterflies (1926), 6,000
Lymantriidae The Lymantriinae (formerly called the Lymantriidae) are a subfamily of moths of the family Erebidae. The taxon was erected by George Hampson in 1893. Many of its component species are referred to as "tussock moths" of one sort or another. The cat ...
moths (1928), and, in 1931, a series of 800 type butterflies being "the most valuable, both scientifically and intrinsically ... received for the past two decades", some thousands of moths including over 600 type and
paratype In zoology and botany, a paratype is a specimen of an organism that helps define what the scientific name of a species and other taxon actually represents, but it is not the holotype (and in botany is also neither an isotype nor a syntype). Of ...
moths, and 1,500 butterflies including 750 type specimens. In 1932, the collection numbered over 500,000 specimens. Shortly after Joicey's death in 1932 the Hill Museum was closed and the property sold by his mother's
executor An executor is someone who is responsible for executing, or following through on, an assigned task or duty. The feminine form, executrix, may sometimes be used. Overview An executor is a legal term referring to a person named by the maker of a ...
s. Joicey's obituary in ''The Entomologist'' stated that,
The closing of the Hill Museum and the disbanding of its staff are events which will have serious repercussions throughout the ranks of lepidopterists in all parts of the world, and will definitely retard the advance of this science. In a comparatively short space of time Mr Joicey accomplished much for his favourite study.
File:BulletinHillMuseum1921HillMuseumExterior.jpg, alt=Sepia photograph of the outside of building with four arched windows, Hill Museum: Exterior File:BulletinHillMuseum1921HillMuseumAnnexe.jpg, alt=Sepia photograph of a long single-story barracks hut in a field, Hill Museum: Annexe File:BulletinHillMuseum1921HillMuseumInterior.jpg, alt=Sepia photograph of a room crowded with display cabinets and work benches, Hill Museum: A part of the interior File:BulletinHillMuseum1921HillMuseumPhotomicrography.jpg, alt=Sepia photograph of man adjusting photographic equipment on a bench, Hill Museum: Photomicrographic Department under Mr. H. J. Campbell File:BulletinHillMuseum1923.jpg, alt=Sepia photograph of six gentlemen standing outside on pathway stairs, Joicey (second from left) and other entomologists at the Hill Museum in 1920 File:BMNH(E)983480 Delias joiceyi Talb. female3 ventral-S.jpg, alt=Photograph of a pinned butterfly with notes below, ''
Delias ''Delias'' is a genus of butterflies. There are about 250 species of the genus ''Delias'', found in South Asia and Australia. The genus is considered to have its evolutionary origins in the Australian region.Braby, M.F. and N.E. Pierce. 2006. Sy ...
joiceyi'' File:BMNH(E)983400 Delias maudei J.&N. male ventral-S.jpg, alt=Photograph of a pinned butterfly with notes below, ''Delias maudei'' File:BMNH(E)141732 Delias mariae J.&T. AT female ventral-S.jpg, alt=Photograph of a pinned butterfly with notes below, ''Delias mariae'' File:Ornithoptera goliath samson f. joiceyi Noakes & Talbot, 1915.jpg, alt=Photograph of a pinned butterfly with notes below, ''
Ornithoptera goliath ''Ornithoptera goliath'', the Goliath birdwing, is a birdwing butterfly found in New Guinea. It is the second largest butterfly in the world, after the Queen Alexandra's birdwing. Etymology Both the specific and vernacular name are named after ...
samson'' f. ''joiceyi'' File:Annalsmagazineof8151915lond 0649.jpg, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of butterfly specimens, ''Ornithoptera joyceyi'' (male), two ''Delias'' File:Annalsmagazineof8151915lond 0651.jpg, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of a butterfly specimen, ''Ornithoptera joiceyi'' (female) File:DeudorixMaudeiMFJoiceyTalbot1916.JPG, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of butterfly specimens, '' Deudorix maudei'' File:Deudorix littoralis TypesMFUpAC1.jpg, alt=Photograph of two pinned butterflies with notes above, ''Deudorix littoralis'' (male & female types) File:Bulletin of the Hill Museum v1 1921 Plate VI.jpg, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of butterfly specimens, New ''Delias'' from Buru File:Bulletin of the Hill Museum v1 1921 Plate VII.jpg, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of butterfly specimens, New ''Delias'' from New Guinea and Buru File:Bulletin of the Hill Museum v1 1921 Plate VIII.jpg, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of butterfly specimens, New ''Delias'' from New Guinea File:Bull Hill Mus v1 Plate IX.jpg, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of butterfly specimens, New butterflies from Buru and New Guinea File:Bull Hill Mus v1 p594 Plate X.jpg, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of moth specimens, New
Sphingidae The Sphingidae are a family of moths (Lepidoptera) called sphinx moths, also colloquially known as hawk moths, with many of their caterpillars known as “hornworms”; it includes about 1,450 species. It is best represented in the tropics, bu ...
File:Bull Hill Mus v1 p594 Plate XI.jpg, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of moth specimens, New Sphingidae File:Bull Hill Mus v1 Plate XII.jpg, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of butterfly specimens, New
Zygaenidae The Zygaenidae moths are a family of Lepidoptera. The majority of zygaenids are tropical, but they are nevertheless quite well represented in temperate regions. Some of the 1000 or so species are commonly known as burnet or forester moths, oft ...
File:Annalsmagazineof8151915lond 0665 with explanation.jpg, alt=Book page showing watercolour plate of butterfly specimens, '' Milionia'', four others File:JJ Joicey cabinet Haslemere Educational Museum drawer no 14.jpg, alt=Photograph of a drawer of pinned butterflies, South American ''
Papilio ''Papilio'' is a genus in the swallowtail butterfly family, Papilionidae, as well as the only representative of the tribe Papilionini. The word ''papilio'' is Latin for butterfly. It includes the common yellow swallowtail (''Papilio machaon''), ...
'' File:JJ Joicey cabinet Haslemere Educational Museum drawer no 14 close-up.jpg, alt=Photograph of pinned butterflies with notes under each, South American ''Papilio'' (detail)


Legacy

Joicey's Hill Museum produced more than 190 research articles which were published in a range of scientific journals. In 1934, the Natural History Museum received more than 300,000 specimens as part of the Joicey Bequest. Together with the Oberthür and
Rothschild Rothschild () is a name derived from the German ''zum rothen Schild'' (with the old spelling "th"), meaning "with the red sign", in reference to the houses where these family members lived or had lived. At the time, houses were designated by sign ...
collections, the Joicey collection contributed significantly to the quality and number of the Lepidoptera collection held by the Natural History Museum, London. A report in ''
Nature Nature, in the broadest sense, is the physics, physical world or universe. "Nature" can refer to the phenomenon, phenomena of the physical world, and also to life in general. The study of nature is a large, if not the only, part of science. ...
'' stated that,
During his life-time, the late J. J. Joicey probably did more to stimulate the study of butterflies and moths, especially those of Africa, than any other private individual in Great Britain.


Works


Joicey and Talbot (partial list)

* New Species of Heterocera from Dutch New Guinea. ''Annals and Magazine of Natural History'' (Eighth series) 15 (87): 295–301, pl. XII (1915) * New Lepidoptera from the Dutch New Guinea (with A. Noakes). ''Transactions of the Entomological Society of London'' 63 (3,4): 361–386, pls LV–LXII (1916) * New Lepidoptera from the Schouten Islands. ''Transactions of the Entomological Society of London'' 64 (1): 65–83, pls 3–6 (1916) * New Heterocera from Dutch New Guinea. ''Annals and Magazine of Natural History'' (Eighth series) 20 (115): 50–87, pls 1–4 (1917) * New Lepidoptera from Waigeu, Dutch New Guinea and Biak. ''Annals and Magazine of Natural History'' (Eighth series) 20 (117): 216–229 (1917) * New South-American Rhopalocera. ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1917: 259–264, pl I (1918) * New South-American Arctiidae. ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1917: 265–270, pl I (1918) * New butterflies from Africa and the east. ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1917: 271–272 (1918) * A Gynandromorph of ''Papilio lycophron'' Hbn. ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1917: 273, pl II (1918) * Three Aberrations of Lepidoptera. ''Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London'' 1917: 275–276, pl I (1918) * New forms of Indo-Australian butterflies. ''Bulletin of the Hill Museum'' 1 (3)
565–569
(1924) * New forms of Lepidoptera Rhopalocera. ''Encyclopedia of Entomology'' (B III Lepidoptera) 2: 1–14 (1926) * New forms of Rhopalocera in the Hill Museum. ''Bulletin of the Hill Museum'' 2 (1): 19–27 (1928) * Also see th
BioNames database
linking taxonomic names to their original descriptions


Associated with the Hill Museum

''The Bulletin of the Hill Museum'' (111 articles and 80 plates)
1921

1921–1924

1924
*
1928 Events January * January – British bacteriologist Frederick Griffith reports the results of Griffith's experiment, indirectly proving the existence of DNA. * January 1 – Eastern Bloc emigration and defection: Boris Bazhanov, J ...
*
1929 This year marked the end of a period known in American history as the Roaring Twenties after the Wall Street Crash of 1929 ushered in a worldwide Great Depression. In the Americas, an agreement was brokered to end the Cristero War, a Catholic ...
*
1931 Events January * January 2 – South Dakota native Ernest Lawrence invents the cyclotron, used to accelerate particles to study nuclear physics. * January 4 – German pilot Elly Beinhorn begins her flight to Africa. * January 22 – Sir I ...
''Other journals'' (82 articles) (partial list)
1914–1916

1916–1921

1921–1924
* 1924–1927


Notes


Summaries

* Anon. 1932: oicey, J. J.''Entomological News'' 43:
140 140 may refer to: * 140 (number), an integer * AD 140, a year of the Julian calendar * 140 BC, a year of the pre-Julian Roman calendar * ''140'' (video game), a 2013 platform game * Tin King stop Tin King () is an at-grade MTR Light Rail stop ...
* Anon. 1932: oicey, J. J.''London Naturalist'' 1931: 38 * Anon. 1932: oicey, J. J.''Nature'' 129
535896
* Anon. 1932: oicey J. J. ''Orchid Review'' 40
118
* Anon. 1932: oicey J. J.''The Times'' (16 March) p. 9 * Gilbert, P. 2000: ''Butterfly Collectors and Painters: Four Centuries of Colour Plates from the Library Collections of the Natural History Museum, London''. Singapore, Beaumont Publishing Pte Ltd: X+166 S, pp
31
33 * Riley, N. D. 1932: oicey, J. J.''Entomologist'' 65: 142–144 * Turner, H. J. 1932: oicey, J. J.''Entomologist's Record & Journal of Variation'' 44: 68


References


External links

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Joicey, James John 1870 births 1932 deaths British entomologists English lepidopterists Fellows of the Royal Entomological Society Fellows of the Zoological Society of London Fellows of the Royal Geographical Society Fellows of the Linnean Society of London People from Newcastle upon Tyne People from Sunningdale People from Witley, Surrey People educated at Aysgarth School